Overlapping sequences in the brain, spleen and cervical lymph nodes were detected suggesting that B cells arise in the periphery, may undergo clonal expansion and then enter the CNS. We detected clones of B cells with identical receptor sequences in the CNS and peripheral tissues of MS patient tissue. Using a computational analysis pipeline designed for B cell repertoire libraries, we compared B cell receptors present within brain and peripheral tissues. B cell immunoglobulin sequencing libraries were generated to track B cell clones in MS tissue. Using high-throughput Illumina Hiseq sequencing technologies with single-molecule barcodes, frozen tissue from five MS subjects were examined for the presence of specific B cell clones within different compartmentalized tissues. As B cells undergo clonal expansion, they accumulate mutations in the B cell receptor, which can be used as a genetic tag to potentially track their migration. In order to understand how pathogenic B cells arise, it is important to understand their population distribution within the CNS and peripheral tissues. B cells present within MS plaques may play a role in disease pathology. The immunopathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by an autoimmune response directed to the central nervous system (CNS) tissue.
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